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Revolt & Crown Rule

India · 1860Indigo Revolt forces an inquiry as the Crown codifies law and taxes income

Under early Crown rule, Bengal's ryots rose in the Indigo Revolt, forcing the Indigo Commission to examine planter coercion, while the colonial state deepened legal and fiscal control: the Indian Penal Code was enacted and James Wilson introduced India's first budget and income tax. A famine affected parts of north-western India.

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Key figures

Lord Canning — Governor-General and India's first Viceroy, presiding over the transition from Company to Crown rule.Thomas Babington Macaulay — chair of the First Law Commission whose draft underlay the Indian Penal Code enacted in 1860James Wilson — Finance Member of the Government of India; presented India's first budget and introduced income tax.Dinabandhu Mitra — Bengali playwright; author of 'Nil Darpan' on indigo planter oppression.Digambar Biswas and Bishnu Charan Biswas — leaders associated with the Indigo Revolt in Nadia, Bengal.Harish Chandra Mukherjee — editor of the 'Hindoo Patriot', who championed the indigo ryots' cause.

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